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Automated synthesis of steady-state continuous processes using reinforcement learning

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 288-302 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2055-9

Abstract: Automated flowsheet synthesis is an important field in computer-aided process engineering.The present work demonstrates how reinforcement learning can be used for automated flowsheet synthesisAn agent is trained to take discrete actions and sequentially build up flowsheets that solve a given processTherein, flowsheet synthesis is modelled as a game of two competing players.The method is applied successfully to a reaction-distillation process in a quaternary system.

Keywords： automated process synthesis     flowsheet synthesis     artificial intelligence     machine learning     reinforcement    

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Synergistic optimization framework for the process synthesis and design of biorefineries

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 251-273 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2071-9

Abstract: The conceptual process design of novel bioprocesses in biorefinery setups is an important task, whichs synergistic effects by sequentially performing superstructure optimization to determine candidate processtopologies and simulation-based optimization to consolidate the process design under uncertainty offer

Keywords： biotechnology     surrogate modelling     superstructure optimization     simulation-based optimization     process    

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Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 745-762 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1779-7

Abstract: being operable and maintainable during process implementation.synthesis, using a mathematical programming approach.A mixed-integer, nonlinear programming (MINLP) model was used for the synthesis of a methanol productionprocess, considering risk assessment during the synthesis.Risk assessment is performed simultaneously with the MINLP process synthesis, where the risk is determined

Keywords： inherent safety     process design     simultaneous risk assessment     risk footprint     methanol process    

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Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Timothy G. Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 630-642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1747-2

Abstract: aim of this paper is to develop a novel heat exchanger network (HEN) retrofit method based on a new automated

Keywords： process retrofit     pinch analysis     heat exchanger network     heat recovery    

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Study on direct alcohol/ether fuel synthesis process in bubble column slurry reactor

Zhen CHEN, Haitao ZHANG, Weiyong YING, Dingye FANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 461-471 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0517-6

Abstract: The recent studies of direct alcohol/ether synthesis process in slurry reactors were reviewed, and theour laboratory was carried out in this paper. a global kinetics model for direct dimethyl ether (DME) synthesisThe optimal operating conditions for DME synthesis process were obtained: reaction temperature at 240

Keywords： syngas     alcohol/ether fuel     slurry catalyst     bubble column slurry reactor     global kinetics     mathematical model    

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MILP synthesis of separation processes for waste oil-in-water emulsions treatment

Zorka N. Pintarič,Gorazd P. Škof,Zdravko Kravanja

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 120-130 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1559-1

Abstract: This paper presents a novel synthesis method for designing integrated processes for oil-in-water (O/WThe optimal solution represents a flexible and profitable process for reducing the COD values below maximal

Keywords： oil-in-water emulsion     chemical oxygen demand     superstructure     process synthesis     MILP    

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Effects of the SAPO-11 synthetic process on dehydration of ethanol to ethylene

Lina WU, Xiaoxing SHI, Qun CUI, Haiyan WANG, He HUANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 60-66 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0540-7

Abstract: The effects of the synthetic condition of SAPO-11 molecular sieves on ethanol dehydration to ethylene were studied. Product-compositions, ethanol conversion, and selectivity to ethylene of synthesized and commercial SAPO-11 molecular sieves were compared. Results are as follows: the optimal synthetic conditions for SAPO-11 molecular sieves are adding pseudoboehmite before orthophoshporic, using di-n- propylamine as the template, having a mass fraction of 40% colloidal silica as the silica source and the starting gel obtained, and running at 200°C for 48 h. From the patterns of NH -TPD, the amount of acid synthesized by SAPO-11 molecular sieves is less than that by commercial SAPO-11 molecular sieves, and has a stronger weak acid. Also, ethanol conversion and selectivity to ethylene reached 99% at 280°C on synthesized SAPO-11, lower by 20°C compared to commercial SAPO-11. For two SAPO-11 molecular sieves, the by-products in the gas phase are mainly ethane, propane, propene, isobutane, n-butane, propadiene, butylene and some higher hydrocarbons. The by-products in the liquid phase are ethyl ether and acetaldehyde.

Keywords： SAPO-11 molecular sieves     synthesis     ethanol     ethylene     dehydration    

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NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-TropschSynthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 362-376 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016049

Abstract: has pioneered and is currently leading the commercialization of the Direct Coal Liquefaction (DCL) processUniversity of Pittsburgh in order to develop and commercialize the Indirect Coal Liquefaction (ICL) processincluding a large-scale (5.8-m ID and 30-m height) Slurry-Bubble-Column Reactor (SBCR) for Fischer-Tropsch synthesisSwing Adsorption (PSA) unit; (3) using a reformer; and (4) using a Chemical looping Combustion (CLC) process

Keywords： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis     tail gas recycle     simulations     process design    

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Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 227-239 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018071

Abstract: Construction is considered among the most dangerous industries and is responsible for a large portion of total worker fatalities. A construction worker has a probability of 1-in-200 of dying on the job during a 45-year career, mainly due to fires, falls, and being struck by or caught between objects. Hence, employers must ensure their workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE), in particular hardhats, if they are at risk of falling, being struck by falling objects, hitting their heads on static objects, or coming in proximity to electrical hazards. However, monitoring the presence and proper use of hardhats becomes inefficient when safety officers must survey large areas and a considerable number of workers. Using images captured from indoor jobsites, this paper evaluates existing computer vision techniques, namely object detection and color-based segmentation tools, used to rapidly detect if workers are wearing hardhats. Experiments are conducted and the results highlight the potential of cascade classifiers, in particular, to accurately, precisely, and rapidly detect hardhats under different scenarios and for repetitive runs, and the potential of color-based segmentation to eliminate false detections.

Keywords： construction     safety     personal protective equipment     hardhat     computer vision    

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hardening performance of three-dimensionally-printed geopolymer based on lunar regolith simulant for automated

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0003-0

Abstract: Using an in situ lunar regolith as a construction material in combination with 3D printing not only reduces the weight of materials carried from the Earth but also improves the automation of lunar infrastructure construction. This study aims to improve the printability of a geopolymer based on a BH-1 lunar regolith simulant, including the extrudability, open time, and buildability, by controlling the temperature and adding admixtures. Rheological parameters were used to represent printability with different water-to-binder ratios, printing temperatures, and contents of additives. The mechanical properties of the hardening geopolymer with different filling paths and loading directions were tested. The results show that heating the printed filaments with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.32 at 80 °C can adjust the printability without adding any additive, which can reduce the construction cost of lunar infrastructure. The printability of the BH-1 geopolymer can also be improved by adding 0.3% Attagel-50 and 0.5% polypropylene fiber by mass at a temperature of 20 °C to cope with the changeable environmental conditions on the Moon. After curing under a simulated lunar environment, the 72-h flexural and compressive strengths of the geopolymer specimens reach 4.1 and 48.1 MPa, respectively, which are promising considering that the acceleration of gravity on the Moon is 1/6 of that on the Earth.

Keywords： geopolymer     lunar regolith simulant     3D printing     rheology     printability    

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Automated classification of civil structure defects based on convolutional neural network

Pierclaudio SAVINO, Francesco TONDOLO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 305-317 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0725-9

Abstract: Today, the most commonly used civil infrastructure inspection method is based on a visual assessment conducted by certified inspectors following prescribed protocols. However, the increase in aggressive environmental and load conditions, coupled with the achievement of many structures of the life-cycle end, has highlighted the need to automate damage identification and satisfy the number of structures that need to be inspected. To overcome this challenge, this paper presents a method for automating concrete damage classification using a deep convolutional neural network. The convolutional neural network was designed after an experimental investigation of a wide number of pretrained networks, applying the transfer-learning technique. Training and validation were conducted using a database built with 1352 images balanced between “undamaged”, “cracked”, and “delaminated” concrete surfaces. To increase the network robustness compared to images in real-world situations, different image configurations have been collected from the Internet and on-field bridge inspections. The GoogLeNet model, with the highest validation accuracy of approximately 94%, was selected as the most suitable network for concrete damage classification. The results confirm that the proposed model can correctly classify images from real concrete surfaces of bridges, tunnels, and pavement, resulting in an effective alternative to the current visual inspection techniques.

Keywords： concrete structure     infrastructures     visual inspection     convolutional neural network     artificial intelligence    

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Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 181-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019252

Abstract: The automated in-parlour milk analysis and separation is mainly useful to produce low or high qualitylevels of protein and fat contents may reduce the intensity of standardization during cheesemaking process

Keywords： cheese yield     infrared analysis     milk quality     real-time measurement     sensor    

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Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 417-425 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0310-x

Abstract: The method used an automated online solid-phase extraction technique coupled with programmed-temperatureThe water samples were extracted by using a fully automated mobile rack system based on x-y-z roboticAs a result, this new automated method can be used as an effective approach for screening and/or compliance

Keywords： automated solid-phase extraction     programmed-temperature vaporization     large-volume injection     gas chromatography    

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An efficient technique for improving methanol yield using dual CO

Yang Su, Liping Lü, Weifeng Shen, Shun’an Wei

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 614-628 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1849-5

Abstract: Abstract Steam methane reforming (SMR)-based methanol synthesis plants utilizing a single CO2 feed representIn this study, a process integrating SMR with dry methane reforming to improve the conversion of bothand the recycle gas of the methanol synthesis loop.Comparative evaluations are carried out from a techno-economic point of view, and the proposed processmethanol productivity and CO2 utilization than the existing stand-alone natural gas-based methanol process

Keywords： methanol synthesis     CO2 utilization     dry methane reforming     steam methane reforming     process design    

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Nonlinear Model-Based Process Operation under Uncertainty Using Exact Parametric Programming

Vassilis M. Charitopoulos,Lazaros G. Papageorgiou,Vivek Dua

Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 202-213 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.008

Abstract: mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems are developed, with their main focus being on processsynthesis problems.In order to demonstrate the applicability and validity of the proposed algorithms, two process synthesis

Keywords： Parametric programming     Uncertainty     Process synthesis     Mixed-integer nonlinear programming     Symbolic manipulation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Automated synthesis of steady-state continuous processes using reinforcement learning

Journal Article

Synergistic optimization framework for the process synthesis and design of biorefineries

Journal Article

Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

Journal Article

Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Timothy G. Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Journal Article

Study on direct alcohol/ether fuel synthesis process in bubble column slurry reactor

Zhen CHEN, Haitao ZHANG, Weiyong YING, Dingye FANG

Journal Article

MILP synthesis of separation processes for waste oil-in-water emulsions treatment

Zorka N. Pintarič,Gorazd P. Škof,Zdravko Kravanja

Journal Article

Effects of the SAPO-11 synthetic process on dehydration of ethanol to ethylene

Lina WU, Xiaoxing SHI, Qun CUI, Haiyan WANG, He HUANG

Journal Article

NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-TropschSynthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

Journal Article

Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

Journal Article

hardening performance of three-dimensionally-printed geopolymer based on lunar regolith simulant for automated

Journal Article

Automated classification of civil structure defects based on convolutional neural network

Pierclaudio SAVINO, Francesco TONDOLO

Journal Article

Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

Journal Article

Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

Journal Article

An efficient technique for improving methanol yield using dual CO

Yang Su, Liping Lü, Weifeng Shen, Shun’an Wei

Journal Article

Nonlinear Model-Based Process Operation under Uncertainty Using Exact Parametric Programming

Vassilis M. Charitopoulos,Lazaros G. Papageorgiou,Vivek Dua

Journal Article